Procedure in construction of high speed windproof houses

ABSTRACT

A novel procedure in construction houses is presented with the particular characteristic of being projected to support efficiently the loads generated by high speed winds as the ones in the atmospheric phenomenon denominated TORNADO. The procedure steps can be summarized as follows: a first step consists of constructing the structure of a prototype house. A second step consists of the covering of the structure with steel lamina, forming a fuselage of the house, a showier final effect, then a covering in the interior with hard tongued and grooved wood. A third step consists of setting the closings of the structure. Therefore, the range of the invention is subscribed to the universe of the structural profiles used for metallic constructions.

RELATED U.S. APPLICATIONS

[0001] Not applicable.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

[0002] Not applicable.

REFERENCE TO MICROFICHE APPENDIX

[0003] Not applicable.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0004] A novel procedure in constructing houses is presented with the particular characteristic projected efficiently to support the loads generated by high speed winds as the ones in the atmospheric phenomenon denominated TORNADO.

[0005] Particularly, the construction of the structure or the fuselage of the house uses a tightened metallic profile, the reason for the request of the Mexican patent PA/a/2002/01170 with the name of “Tightened Channeled Profile” the holder being the inventor of the present invention, and of the use of construction methods in tightening lamina covers.

[0006] The mechanical and structural characteristics of the houses built using these steel profiles are superior to the traditional system.

[0007] Therefore, the scope of the invention is subscribed to the universe of the structural profiles used for metallic constructions.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0008] During the centuries, man used the materials around him to multiply his physical capacities as well as to defend himself from the devastating forces that accompany the natural phenomena.

[0009] One of these most destructive natural phenomena known nowadays are the so-called tornados, caused by jet streams of air of different densities and temperatures. At present there are many places on earth where these phenomena develop and the American Society Federal Emergency Management Agency has classified them in four types according to the wind speed: Light when the speed does not exceed 130 miles per hour, Medium up to 160 miles per hour, (256 kilometers p/h), High up to 200 miles per hour (320 kilometers p/h) and Extreme more than 250 miles per hour (400 kilometers p/h).

[0010] The way to defend oneself from such a phenomenon is reaching a refuge built for such a happening, such as the cellar of the house, an underground construction in another place or a bunker. With such a protection the physical integrity of the persons is preserved, but not their houses and belongings.

[0011] It is necessary to take into consideration, besides those already mentioned in the request, the circumstance that, for the stability of this prototype house, it must be insured that the suction generated by the high speed winds of the tornado, will be in anyway equilibrated. That is to say, the foundation is not held in the common way with the gravitational loads of the buildings. In this case, the equilibrium is obtained with the construction's own load, plus the foundation's load and with the earth from the excavations. The foundation will be special to equilibrate the suction generated by a TORNADO.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0012] A novel procedure in construction houses is presented with the particular characteristic of being projected to support efficiently the loads generated by high speed winds as the ones in the atmospheric phenomenon denominated TORNADO.

[0013] The procedure steps can be summarized as follows: a first step consists of constructing the structure of a prototype house, formed by columns, joists, skids and crosspieces, using the above mentioned profile, and where the joist joint with the different columns, is made by means of joint plates and screws, type Grade 5. Besides, the joist joint that intercross is made by screws and where the joist joint and columns do not intercross, they are united by terminal plates, consisting of a steel plate that is welded in the joist closings, held the whole united by means of screws.

[0014] A second step consists of the covering of the structure with steel lamina, forming a fuselage of the house, a showier final effect, then a covering in the interior with hard tongued and grooved wood that integrates structurally to the fuselage of the house, standing out from the steel laminas joint with the profile of the column, by means of welding or glue or with self-threading screws meanwhile, the union of a steel lamina with the profile of the skids is done by means of self-threading screws, or glue.

[0015] A third step consists of setting the closings of the structure, that will serve to diminish and divert the currents of the wind shock, formed by some curved pieces, that will be set in the place where the edge of the crossings of the flat surfaces of the covering and walls would be.

[0016] Therefore, the range of the invention is subscribed to the universe of the structural profiles used for metallic constructions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017]FIG. 1 is a perspective showing the transversal section of the profile used in the construction of the structure of a house;

[0018]FIG. 2, is a perspective of a section of the type of structure of the house;

[0019]FIGS. 3 & 4, are perspectives showing the detail of the union of joists with columns;

[0020]FIGS. 5 y6, are perspectives showing the detail of the type of the union of joists with the skids;

[0021]FIGS. 7 y8, are perspectives showing the detail of the union of the crosspieces with the columns;

[0022]FIG. 9, is a perspective showing the union of the lamina with a column;

[0023]FIGS. 10 y11, are perspectives showing the way to cover the skids and crosspieces with a steel lamina;

[0024]FIG. 12, is a view of the closing moldings in the cross between the covering and the external sidewalls;

[0025]FIG. 13, is a horizontal view of the molding that ends the cross of two lateral lower walls;

[0026]FIG. 14, is a perspective of the molding that ends the vertex formed in the union of two external walls and the covering.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] In reference to the recounting of drawings and following the same signals, the structure of the house comprises the use of a profile which we will call MZ stiffened of high resistance, similar to type Mon-Ten, also the patent claimer's invention, rolling the lamina in cold and with the drawing formed by skates, a core and some endings, being the core as well as the closings stiffened, in order to obtain that all the section is an effective area and at the same time, obtaining with those stiffenings, in a safe and efficient way the fixation of the steel lamina that further on is used, with which efficiently supports the loads and efforts provoked by the wind at a high speed.

[0028] The construction procedure of this prototype house, according to the architectural drawing, can vary; nevertheless, three fundamental steps result.

[0029] A first step consists of constructing a structure of a house, that integrates the main structure, as can be appreciated in FIG. 2 to set it up on a piece of land.

[0030] That is to say that when there is the architectural drawing of a house, the next step is the lifting of the structure formed by columns 10, joists 20, skids 30 and crosspieces 40, using the above mentioned profile and whose form is presented in FIG. 1.

[0031] The union of joists 20 with the different columns 10 is done efficiently by means of union plate's 50 and screws. These union plates 50, are flat steel lamina plates and the screws are calculated and designed to support loads generated by winds up to 250 miles per hour, (400 km/hr) choosing special steel screws type Grade 5.

[0032] The union of joists 20 and the skids 30 that intercross as in FIGS. 5 & 6, are done by terminal plates 52 and by steel screws grade 5.

[0033] The crosspieces 40 and the columns 10 are united by means of terminal plates 52, consisting of a steel plate that is united by means of welding in the crosspieces closings 40, leaving the whole united by means of steel screws grade 5, as shown in FIGS. 7 & 8.

[0034] A second step consists of covering the structure with steel lamina 60, forming a fuselage of the house. In order to obtain a showier final effect, a hard wooden covering is made for the interior part, and the internal walls of the rooms are covered with hard tongued and grooved wood on both facings.

[0035]FIG. 9 shows a way of uniting steel laminas 60 with the profile of the column 10, by means of welding or gluing or with self-threading screws along the steel lamina 60.

[0036]FIGS. 10 & 11, show the union of a steel lamina 60 with the profile of the skids 30 and the crosspieces 40 which can be united by means of screws, or glue, or welding, obtaining in such a way a fuselage of the structure, of a sole body and at the same time a capacity to support the loads and efforts of the wind.

[0037] A third step consists of setting the closings or moldings 70 of the structure, that will be used to diminish and to divert the currents of the wind shock, formed by a piece set up in each corner of the joists 20 and columns 10, this piece with round edges so when the wind flow crashes, the wind deviates and at the same time its speed is diminished.

[0038] The Best Way to Carry Out The Invention

[0039] Once the architectural drawing is done, the next step is the lifting of the structure or fuselage, formed by columns 10, joists 20, skids 30 and crosspieces 40, keeping the fixing of the drawing, that can vary according to the architectural characteristics.

[0040] The results of the behavior of the profile of the present invention compared to the profile type Mon-Ten can be summarized as follows:

[0041] 20.0 cm profile (8 inches) caliber 10

[0042] Maximum working stress of the proposed profile 2109 Kg/cm²

[0043] Maximum working stress of the proposed profile Mon-Ten 1265 Kg/cm² Resistance Efficiency Inertia moment Weight moment per kg Profile S_(x) (cm³) kg/m Kg/m Kg m/kg Proposed 92.188 11.93 1944 163 Mon-ten 79.15 10.37 1001 96.5

[0044] Connection between the behaviors of bother profiles: 163×100/96.5=169%

[0045] That is to say, the propose profile has an efficiency one and half times more in relation to profile Mon-Ten.

[0046] 20.0 cm profile (8 inches) caliber 14 Inertia moment Weight Resistance Efficiency Profile S_(x) (cm³) kg/m moment kg m per kg Kg m/kg Proposed 49.569 6.75 1045 154.8 Mon-ten 45.23 5.79 572 98.8

[0047] Connection between the behaviors of both profiles: 154.8×100/98.8=157%

[0048] That is to say, the proposed profile has an efficiency one and a half times more in relation to profile Mon-Ten. 

1. A procedure in construction of high speed windproof houses, said windproof houses comprised of a high resistance steel profile, similar to type Mon-Ten, rolling lamina in cold and with ua drawing formed by skids, a core and some closings, having said core as well as the closings stiffened, in order to obtain that all the section is an effective area and at the same time, obtaining with those stiffenings, in a safe and efficient way fixation of he steel lamina that is used later on, which efficiently supports the loads and efforts provoked by the wind at high speed, said procedure comprising the steps of: constructing a structure of a house, that integrates a main structure, settings up on a piece of land, and lifting the main structure comprised of columns, joists, skids and crosspieces, using the steel profile; and wherein union of joists with different columns is done efficiently by means of joint plates, and screws; wherein these joint plates are angular steel lamina plates and screws are calculated and designed to support loads generated by winds up to 250 miles per hour, choosing special steel screws type Grade 5, wherein union of joists that intercross is done by steel screws type Grade 5, and wherein the joist union and columns do not intercross and are joined by terminal plates, in comprised of a steel plate that is welded in the crosspieces closings, leaving the whole structure united by steel screws grade 5, and forming a sole piece; covering the structure with steel lamina, forming a fuselage of the house, a showier final effect, then a hard wooden covering is made for the interior part, and the internal walls of the rooms are covered with hard tongued and grooved wood, standing out from the joint steel laminas with the profile of a column, by means of welding or glue or with self-threading screws meanwhile, the union of a steel lamina with the profile of the skids is done by means of screws, or glue, obtaining in such a way a fuselage of the structure, and obtaining a sole body and at the same time a capacity to support the loads and efforts of the wind; and setting closings of the structure, that will be used to diminish and to divert currents of wind shock, comprised of some curved pieces, that will be set in place where edges of the crossings of the flat surfaces of the covering and walls would be, so when wind flow crashes, wind deviates and at the same time its speed is diminished. 